Polarization Maintaining Panda PM Fibers
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What are polarization maintaining fibers (PM fibers)?
Although optical fibers have a symmetric circularly design, they still have birefringence effect because of mechanical stress. Because of this birefringence effect, the polarization of light in the fiber changes with no control at all. Polarization maintaining fibers (also called Panda PM fibers) are specially designed to solve this polarization uncontrollable problem. PM fibers have strong built-in birefringence. When the polarization of the light coupled into the fiber is aligned with one of the birefringent axes, its polarization state is maintained even if the fiber is bent.
The most popular design in the industry today is to use two stress rods of a glass composition on both sides of the fiber core. The stress rods cause stress that well-maintains polarization of the input light. This type of polarization maintaining fibers are called Panda PM fiber or Corning PM fiber since Corning designed it.
Where are polarization maintaining fibers (PM fibers) used?
Polarization maintaining fibers are used in optical devices where the polarization state cannot be allowed to drift. These devices include fiber interferometers and some fiber lasers.
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