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Here we list some of the international and national standards that govern optical cable characteristics and measurement methods. This may not be a complete list, but it covers most of the standard bodies.   :: International Standards There are two main groups that cover international standards: IEC and ITU. 1. IEC – International Electrotechnical Commission IEC is a global organization and it makes international standards that covers all electrical, electronic, and related technologies. These international standards serve as a basis for national standardization. IEC is composed of many technical committees. Each committee prepares technical documents on specific subjects. For example,

:: What Are APC Connectors? APC Connector is a type of fiber connector that minimizes backreflection due to a 5° to 15° angle-polish applied to end faces. Like illustrated in the following picture. Because of the angle, the reflected light does not stay in the fiber core but instead leaks out into the cladding. Angle-polished connectors should only be mated to other angle-polished connectors. Mating to a non-angle polished connector causes very high insertion loss. Generally angle-polished connectors have higher insertion loss than good quality straight physical contact ones. “Ultra” quality connectors may achieve comparable back reflection to an angled

:: What is ASE? ASE stands for Amplified Spontaneous Emission. Let’s explain it in two steps. 1. Spontaneous Emission Spontaneous emission is the process by which an atom, molecule or nucleus in an excited state drops to a lower-energy state, resulting in the creation of a photon. 2. How is Spontaneous Emission Amplified If the spontaneous emission happens in a gain medium, such as EDFA (Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier), this spontaneous emission can be amplified by the process of stimulated emission as described below. Stimulated emission is the process by which, when perturbed by a photon, matter may lose energy

Corning® SMF-28e+® LL optical fiber is an ITU-T G.652.D compliant optical fiber which builds on Corning’s low loss fiber technology to enable extended networking distances for long haul, metro and access applications. SMF-28e+ LL optical fiber offers industry leading specifications for attenuation and polarization mode dispersion values which provide a solid foundation for new network deployments as well as upgrades to existing networks. :: Corning SMF-28e+ LL (Low Loss) Fiber Specifications:

:: What Is Air Blown Fiber?   Air Blow Fiber (ABF) systems claim to offer reduced cost, increased design flexibility and other advantages that cannot be matched by conventional optical fiber cables. ABF systems originated in 1982 at British Telecom. The intent of the design was to easily accommodate moves, adds, and changes with minimal disruption. The ABF system was developed to allow switching between fiber types as they evolved. ABF systems consist of a network of tube-cables installed between locations, with fiber blown into the tubes only as needed. ABF systems claim to offer cost advantages over conventional cabling